HbA1c
Also known as: Glycated haemoglobin, A1C
What it actually is
HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin) measures the percentage of haemoglobin in your red blood cells that has glucose attached. Because red blood cells live around 3 months, HbA1c reflects your average blood sugar over that time — not just at the moment of the blood draw. Normal: below 5.7%. Pre-diabetes: 5.7–6.4%. Diabetes: 6.5% or higher. A target of below 7% is considered well-controlled for most diabetic adults; remission is HbA1c below 6.5% off medication.
Why it matters for Pakistanis
HbA1c is the single most important number for any Pakistani adult to know. It costs Rs. 1,500–2,500 at any major lab and should be tested annually after age 30, every 6 months if pre-diabetic, every 3 months if diabetic.
Related terms
Fasting Glucose
Fasting glucose is your blood sugar after 8+ hours without food, usually measured first thing in the morning.
Post-Prandial Glucose
Post-prandial glucose is your blood sugar level 2 hours after eating.
Pre-diabetes
Pre-diabetes is when blood sugar is higher than normal but not yet diabetic — fasting 100–125 mg/dL or HbA1c 5.7–6.4%.
Reviewed by Ghizayat's registered dietitian team. Not a substitute for medical advice.